Leading Cancer Researcher: They’re Ignoring My Research, Cancer Patients Must Know This! Transcript from https://podmenti.com/t/1327d0d4716dd6f3 You have an envelope in front of you there that says confidential on the front of it. What is in that envelope? It's a paper that's under embargo because the world thinks it's gonna be very important. And it's gonna be a lead article in the Frontiers and Science. Because th this is a strategy to manage cancer effectively. And we have a lot of evidence to keep these people alive a hell of a lot longer. We have given hope. To the hopeless. And you have a perspective on treating cancer and other metabolic diseases that others don't have. Yes, but the problem is the field doesn't understand what I'm saying about the the origin of cancer. So everything comes back to the mitochondria. And all chronic diseases in cancer are the result of damage to this. And the science is telling us this, but the field of cancer has yet to accept it. That is a tragedy. Are you pissed off about this? Well who wouldn't be? There's 1,700 people a day in this country dying from cancer. That's 70 an hour. And it gets worse every single year. When is the people gonna wake up? So give me a prescription of how I should live my life to keep my mitochondria healthy. So it all comes down to what you do to maintain the health and vitality of the mitochondria that reduce the risk, but we are now in a new environment. where we have massive amounts of highly processed carbohydrates, inactivity, emotional stress, poor sleep habits, and you chronically damage this organelle. And then if you look at the domestic dog, cancer is the number one killer of the domestic dog. But wolves in the wild rarely have cancer, but the wolf is out running around eating natural foods. Yet the dog is in an apartment somewhere. Gets a dog walker once a day, right? And the next thing the dog is obese and full of cancer. And I want to give people actionable things that they can think about. So this is what's really important. This is a bioenergetic roadmap to health. This is what we call the zone of prevention. It's very hard to get cancer or chronic diseases when you're in these zones. So let's talk about that. So Guys, I've got a favor to ask before this episode begins. The algorithm, if you follow a show, will deliver you the best episodes from that show very prominently in your feed. So when we have our best episodes on this show The most shared episodes, the most rated episodes. I would love you to know. And a simple way for you to know that is to hit that follow button. But also it's the simple easy free thing that you can do to help us make this show better. And I would be hugely grateful if you could take a minute on the app you're listening to this one right now and hit that follow button. Thank you so, so so much. Uh Professor Thomas Sefried. What is it that you've committed your life to doing, Thomas? Well, we're we're right now committed our lives to managing cancer effectively. uh without toxicity. Which is Based on based on the science that I and other d others have done in this field. You have a perspective on treating cancer and other metabolic diseases that others don't have. The mainstream, should I say. Oh yeah, well mainstream doesn't have it for sure. But it's based on science. I mean I'm my work. is based on what Otto Warburg, the famous German scientist, said from the nineteen twenties, thirties, and forties. He clearly show that cancer was a mitochondrial metabolic disease. What does that mean, mitochondrial metabolic disease? Okay. It means that the origin of the disease resides in the organelle called the mitochondrion. It's it's in the cytoplasm of the cell. It used to be called still is the a the powerhouse of the cell gives the cell the energy. I think we have a mitochondria. Could what my team bring in a mitochondria. Well This is you have a a mitochondrion here. Oh here we go. Yeah. Well see this is the little Organelle. that you see it looks like a bean shape, but it's actually a tubular network. These are tubes. Uh and they respond dynamically. Inside the cell. So Uh both internal uh activities as well as external activities. So You have to realize That at the time of conception Uh All of the mitochondria for the developing embryo. are in the cytoplasm from the mother. The cytoplasm. The mitochondria are not in the nucleus, they're in the cytosol. Oh, outside. But in the cell body itself. All of the mitochondria, they determine our destiny. They will determine how long you will live on the planet. Yeah. If you don't have on an unfortunate accident or something like this. They have an expiration date. A different species die at different times. You don't find people living four hundred years. Mice live about two and a half years. Elephants live, you know, as long as we do or whatever. But that's all determined by this organelle. So you can see I have wrinkles and this kind of thing. This is from living on the planet. And this is from Wear and Tear on this organ L. Which allows us to make energy efficiently. So when this organelle starts to falter with age Uh you die. You die from old age. This organelle has to be protected and respected if you would like to live a normal lifespan. But in diets and lifestyles and way we are today, we we we damage this organelle. And this organelle then can present itself damage to this organelle, which is a tubular network inside the cell. But let me say something else. It not only controls the internal environment of the cell. It also controls the neighboring cells, the liver neighborhood, the lung neighborhood, the colon neighborhood, the brain neighborhood, the glial neighborhood, the oral neighborhood, but they're all come from the same origin in that cytoplasm. And they determine the overall metabolic health of your body. It's a systemic they communicate. uh with each other across cells, across tissues. I'll tell you. This organelle controls a lot of what goes what that nucleus does. It tells the cell when to divide and It tells the cell. When To slow down. It's kind of like a brain, but also like an engine room. It's kinda like that. The brain part of it is really mysterious. Uh in the sense of Of How it controls the destiny of the cell in the body. So thickness. Sickness, disease, cancer. What do we know about the role that this little thing plays? In these chronic diseases and illnesses and cancers that so many people suffer with. Yeah, well this is the organelle that becomes damaged. Um and it can be damaged in many, many different ways. Uh for cancer is what we have spent a lot of our time on. And now we've moved into the whole chronic disease issue because each Each chronic disease. Can have different manifestations. of ill health to the mitochondria in a particular population of cells. But in the case of cancer, which is what we call the most serious of the chronic diseases, Creating the most trauma. uh the most emotional distress But We have clearly shown Based on on many, many of the Works. That any m multiple things from our environment can damage this organelle in a particular population of cell in a particular organ. For example, when you talk about carcinogens. It's a chemical that causes cancer. How does that chemical cause cancer? It damages The proteins and the lipids. Squiggles. Internal membranes. They they contain the proteins and the lipids that allows us to generate energy when we breathe. Okay, you're breathing, I'm breathing. I take in oxygen. Oxygen serves as a kind a uh a final acceptor. For electrons. That allows ATP uh to come out of this little and don't forget it's a tubular network. And ATP is the energy currency. It's the chemical energy currency. It allows us to enzymes to work. It a allows all the metabolic machinery inside of a cell to work. Optimally. So just to play this back to you so I know I'm clear. Oxygen comes in'cause I breathe in. I don't eat food. In in that mitochondria. It does a process and it spits out ATP as the energy. Well and and and the waste products of a good energy metabolism would be CO two? And water. So When we burn gasoline in an engine of a car. We break down the octane, the carbon hydrogen bonds in an octane, and it and it we have an internal explosion that drives pistons. Okay, the exhaust is a lot of waste products. uh from breaking down. The minor the the we're doing the same thing inside the cell. We're combusting carbon hydrogen bonds. And that combustion of carbon hydrogen bonds is a graded process. So it's not an immediate explosion. It's a it's a you're you're breaking down the carbon hydrogen bonds in a very precise way, producing ATP, which then drives the entire machinery of the neurons in the rest of the body. it can respond dramatically to energetic stress, emotional stress. Anyway, I gave you an example of a carcinogen. Uh an intermittent hypoxia. Like People who have sleep apnea, they stop breathing for thirty seconds or more. In that general and then they that creates Ross R O S. And that's what carcinogens do, ROS. These are called reactive oxygen species. They damage Those delicate membranes that And then What happens If it's too acute. Too stressful, the whole cell will die. The cell loses its energy and we get uh apoptosis or necrosis or cell death. But If it's gradual, chronic, over years, months, years. This organelle. loses its ability to produce sufficient energy. But The the cell compensates Interestingly enough. By using these ancient pathways, heirlooms Of our Evolutionary past. So Um Because all life on the planet. Evolved. In and oxygen but without oxygen in the dark. Uh these cells grew like crazy. There was no they were single cells, they were unbridled proliferation and all this kind of stuff. They didn't have mitochondria. They had bacteria, and the bacteria Which this organel came from was a fusion between One cell uh that had a nucleus and and was Fermenting. through the cytoplasm. And this bacteria, which is the mitochondria, came in. And now you have Two different forms of energy. You have um the energy in the cytoplasm, the ancient fermentation, and then you have this new form which can take in oxygen and generate energy much, much more efficiently than the airlumic. Listen, one of our big discoveries. If you can believe it. But you see that space in the middle there? Yeah. That's called the matrix. And that's where the Krebs cycle, the T C A cycle, which breaks down the food. Yeah. But they have an ancient part of a fermentation mechanism inside because Before oxygen came, every all life forms were fermenters. They They produced Energy without oxygen. Because there was no oxygen. We had to wait for those bacteria. to make oxygen through a photosynthetic process. But all organisms were fermenters in the beginning. After this organelle came in and was able to take in oxygen, make energy really, really quick. But in that matrix they have uh in the cycle, there's a little pathway there. That makes energy without oxygen. From the evolutionary past. So we have it in the cytoplasm of the cell. 'Cause they can use they can ferment in the cytoplasm. But th this organ that our big discovery With the work of of Christo Schunopoulos from Met Semelweiss University. He's the world leader on that little pathway. When this organelle becomes Impaired. These ancient pathways of energy through fermentation arise. Okay, they they try to replace the lost energy from the efficiency of this organelle. That space. Starts throwing out ATP from glutamine, it's a another f a fermentation fuel. And and It's making it It's making ancient energy in the sophisticated organelle that was the that was that uh that evolved to make efficient energy. So let me let me tell you. So you ca you asked me what about damaging this organelle and what happens? If The damage to oxidative phosphorylation. What does that mean? Which means energy through oxygen is too acute. The cell will die. Cyanide. is a a perfect example of this. You take a mouse or a rat or a person and you drink Kool Aid, the cyanide leased coonate, you die. Because what happens is that cyanide binds to the protein that's going to um um use oxygen for energy. And ever the whole system shuts down. Yeah, you die in instantly. Um and there are other things that can kill uh can kill. uh quickly azide and a variety of other chemicals. But for chronic diseases it's usually Um not an acute stress on this organelle. It's uh it's a chronic stress. And in cancer what happens in a particular tissue, whether it's um bone, lung, bladder, brain They gradually compensate with these ancient fermentation pathways. So So the this thing This organelle. Signals to the nucleus. I'm suffocating I'm not getting enough energy. Um so the nucleus turns on The transporters on the surface of the cell. To bring in fuels That will drop. elevate energy through what we call uh oxygen independent mechanisms. This is an oxygen dependent organelle. This gets most of its energy because we breathe all of our cells are using oxygen. And the CO2 that we're blowing out and the water that will be collected in the form of urine when you might w put um uh other uh waste products in there. That's efficient metabolic homeostasis. This organelle makes not only the cell but the whole body in a state of of metabolic homeostasis where all systems are working at optimal efficiency. But with chronic Disruption. Uh smoking, uh lack of exercise. You can go right down the list of all of the different things that can elicit uh cancer. Any kind of carcinogens, microplastics, forever chemicals. uh uh uh glyphosate and any of these kinds of things that would chronically damage uh the ability of this organelle to produce energy, viruses, oncogenic viruses. inflammation, you have chronic inflammation. Any of those things damage this the sophisticated ability of this organelle to produce sufficient energy. That's why. That's why um uh the oncogenic paradox which we solved. That was the paradox that was first put out by Albert Sintgyorgi, a Hungarian. uh scientists who received the Nobel Prize, I think, for for vitamin C. He said He said he was very interested in cancer and living systems. He said there's a paradox. He said we know multiple things In the environment. can elicit cancer. We've identified these oncogenic viruses, chronic inflammation. Carcinogens. Intermittent hypoxia, rare rare germline mutations. He said, We don't understand The common By which any of those provocative agents would elicit Disregulated cell growth, which is Cancer. Yeah. When you talk about cancer, what are people say what is cancer? It's cell division. Out of control. It's disregulated cell growth. This organelle. It determines when cells should divide and when they should not divide. It regulates the destiny of the cell. So what happens when this organelle becomes chronically impaired? It falls back on these ancient Pathways these or or these or um uh pathways that existed before oxygen came into the environment, where all the cells were disregulated in the growth. Because they didn't have this regulatory system, which is the mitochondria coming from a from a bacteria. So let me play that back to you in a way just so I you know make sure I understand. And this mitochondria here that I have in front of me. There is An ancient. Um because this came from A fusion of bacteria is a long, long time ago. Yeah, the old bacteria about uh several billion years ago. Used to be very selfish and just think about itself. It used to grow on its own and didn't communicate with anybody, had its own way of growing and multiplying, that was really not um in cohesion with anything else. That is still in there somewhere. And although now in its modern form, because there's been that fusion, it grows Thinking about the wider organism. Um when it becomes Damaged. It falls back on that old selfish way of growing. And sometimes and that's kind of what can cause cancers. So if you if there's stresses on this, which could be all the carcin carcinogenic things you described. then sometimes this falls back on that prehistoric selfish way of growing where it doesn't think about the wider organism. It's close. Um in the sense of thinking, we don't know about that. We just know the consequences. of what happens when it falls back. Now here's the situation. Yeah. People knew. From War are out of Warburg. Said. Cancer is a energy problem in the cell. Why would the cells Start to ferment. And produce a massive amount of fermentation waste product which is lactic acid. Even in the presence of Of oxygen, a hundred percent oxygen. They're still fermenting. Why that shouldn't happen. Uh, when you and I hold our breath Or have a heart attack. Let me tell you something. This is really remarkable. And this is another piece of information that got us on this whole thing. When people have heart attacks Uh they stop breathing. The heart seizes. Okay, the bloodstream immediately fills with these fermentation waste products. Which are lactic acid? And the other one, which we now know is succinic acid. Okay, wow. These two waste products. Now, if you don't start breathing In a short period of time, you're gonna be dead. Mm-hmm. And you and what you die because the neurons in your brain Cannot sustain this kind of fermentation energy for very long. As soon as you the heart you you give them cardiac massage and whatever, the guy's heart starts beating again. Of lactic acid and succinic acid go away. They disappear. Because you're breathing now. You don't need to ferment. When you have oxygen in the environment. And it's and the mitochondria can can utilize the oxygen environment. Cancer cells to Warburg said. It's the weirdest thing. These cancer cells Um Continue to ferment even at a hundred percent of oxygen. Why are they doing that? And he speculated. That this organelle was damaged. Irreversible damage to the organelle. Happened. In these cancer cells. He didn't have an electron microscope at the time. He didn't have the sophisticated tools that we have today. So He projected that all on biochemistry. At that time he was a biochemist and he said you don't should not produce fermentation if you have oxy oxygen should shut that off and these guys should return to a normal metabolic homeostasis. And he said that's because there's something irrepace irre irreversibly damaged in this organelle. So a lot of people attacked him and they said, Oh, we don't have any evidence for that. Here's the beautiful thing. Some cancer cells continue to take in oxygen and make ATP. Therefore Warburg must be wrong. Uh we showed it that we showed the cancer cell takes in oxygen, but it's not making energy through ATP in any great amount. It's using it for ROS reac these d radicals that further damage and cause the DNA mutations that everybody is chasing. It's all downstream effects. So what does this what does this mean in simple terms? Because I'm aware a lot of my things. So so I have dysregulated cell growth. That's ultimately what the problem we're dealing with. We can't control how these cell are dividing. We're throwing all kinds of crazy stuff at them, trying to poison or radiate, surgically remove them. We're trying to do everything to stop this disregulated cell growth. So when we look at this organelle under the micro under the electron microscope, we find these cristae are often missing. You have what they call ghost mitochondria. You got the shell but nothing inside. Or if they're inside they're all d d deformed. So we know There's a foundational principle in biology. Structure determines function. If the structure is abnormal the function will be abnormal. This is known to all biologists except oncologists. They don't seem to understand. Those are the people who study cancer. So what are you then? I'm a biologist. You're a biologist. Yeah. I mean, when we know that if the organ L is damaged, you're not going to be able to produce energy efficiently by oxidative phosphorylation. Okay. I think you're a bit further down the road, Thomas, than a lot of my viewers are. For me, hearing that there's this energy Engine in my cells. that and there's tr trillions of them or billions of them, and they also communicate with each other. And when this becomes stressed or hurt or damaged because of lifestyle choices that I make. Energy production and inefficiency will change, and that could cause this to die or malfunction in some way. That is as for me, I go, I've got it. Okay. So that's a major step forward. Now we build upon that. Yes. Now we build upon that. Okay? So so here's the situation. We've discussed Cancer cells, all of them. That we have ever looked at. In the number? Structure? And function. That organelle. Okay. I have looked at I published that big paper where I spent Uh over a year of my time. Going through the ancient the well, the early Electron microscopy literature. War Warburg didn't have that opportunity because that technology was not there for him. So he speculated that based on the biochemistry. But I went back and I looked at these. um electron micrographs of mitochondria in various cancers. And they're all damaged. There is few of them. Ris cristae are gone. I work with some of the best like uh Arist Arismendi Marillo. uh was a world leader in beautiful electron microscopy of of cancer cells. And you can see and and and all the damage. Uh under his magnificently beautiful and what we have a couple of papers. But let me tell you something else, Steven. In the cytoplasm, these organelles are also in contact with other cellular membranes like the endoplasmic reticulum. There's a lot of what we call organelles. Inside a cell. You have the nucleus You have the mitochondrion Y you you have lysosomes. There is Intimate contacts between some of the other membranes. Mitochondrial associated membranes um we see. And they're also abnormal when you look at them under the electron microscope. The ones that are talking to are abnormal. Yeah. The ones that you can see. The mitochondria are abnormal and the membranes that contact them are abnormal. And that intimate contact. I I'll get into the calcium signaling a little bit later, which controls the destiny of the cell. Why the cell is growing out of control? Well, well, first of all, it's fermenting. Okay. That means it's getting energy from sources other than oxidative phosphorylation. You can take a cancer cell and and treat it with cyanide or azide, or in uh absence of and still living. It's still growing because it's not using the oxygen pump. They're not using the oxygen, falling back on on on oxygen independent mechanisms, which are called fermentation. So I understand that to be that there's a malfunction in the mitochondria, which means that it no longer uses its oxygen pathway necessarily. As sufficiently as it should. There's always some residual level. And it finds another way to make the energy, which is how it survives. Yes. And then it stops communicating with the rest of the cell. Well actually communicates with the nucleus. To open up the floodgates to bring in the fuels that drive this fermentation energy. It gets more and more greedy. It has to because you're you're taking it an organelle that produces energy highly efficiently. Okay, um like f thirty four to thirty six ATPs. With oxygen. With oxygen. And now you're you're trying to replace that. With fuels that give you two uh ener two moles of energy. Uh inefficient. Very and then and then you get you get two out of the in so you're getting four. So you You you have to take in In order to make up the efficiency You must have a tremendous logistic. You must have tremendous supply of of the fuels that will give us energy. Glucose, the sugar, and the amino acid glutamine. Okay. Okay. Our bodies are loaded with glutamine. That's the most abundant amino acid in our bloodstream. And evolution provided that for us. Because if we stop breathing, We use that fuel to keep the cells alive. We o our gut is controlled by glutamine. Our immune system uses glutamine. What is glutamine? It's an amino acid. Okay. Which we make from food. Yeah, w which we can make from food, true. Or they call essential and nonessential amino acids. Essentials are from that we must eat, we must have certain foods that provide these. Glutamine is considered a non essential amino acid. It's an essential amino acid biochemically called nonessential. Because we can make it from sugar. But basically it's the most abundant amino acid in our body. I think I get it now. Okay, feed me back. Tell me let me let me test you. When we fall the mitochondria falls to that prehistoric pathway where it starts making energy in a really, really inefficient way without using oxygen in the same way. It starts relying now on glucose and glutamine. Um to produce that energy, which is a much less efficient source of energy. So it gets a bit more greedy and it needs much more to make the same amount of ATP, which is energy. So these a cancer cell can be very, very greedy. It's not responding to oxygen in the same way. And they're they're a bit more selfish. They start they start sort of multiplying without Thought of the broader organization. Yes. So the question I have is How does this happen? You know what ask this question. It's because children can get Right. Or an a a ninety year old can get the cancer. And it doesn't appear to me that a three year old Forever chemicals. Uh that are in the environment. Uh the things that we have that we use in our technologically advanced societies. Can get through the placental wall. And get these into the child into these children's uh organs. Um You know, you have to put it together. We U usually it's a a constellation of things. Because don't forget, I said carcinogens. Some of these carcinogens are fat soluble. Some of these carcinogens can get in and damage those during early stages of development. People always say, How you explain brain cancer Okay. But but his the mitochondria in a population of cells in his brain. And that damage then led to This dysregulated cell growth. Because the organelle controls when cells should divide and not divide. Uh and then where's the energy coming from? How do you how do you take a highly sophisticated piece of an organelle and making energy so incredibly efficient? And now we're using energy So Uh this organelle signals to the nucleus called mitochondrial stress response, retrograde signaling. The nucleus acts as a respondent to what this organelle wants. So the nucleus then oncogenes, which that you've heard a lot about. They're Open the floodgates to bring in the glucose and glutamine. That allow the cell to grow in a disregulated way. So We've as you said, they go back to these ancient fermentation pathways where there was no regulation because this organelle was not part of the problem. So is there a uh what are the lifestyle factors that are causing this to drastically increasing the probability of this happening? It's not necessarily what the person did. Or all cases. It's what the person was exposed to. Uh that could have elicited this. That's the oncogenic paradox. So Uh we have shown Uh that f inflammation Produces these cytokines. When you have an inflammatory heat in inflammation. They Da they damage the ability of this organelle to make energy efficiently. Chronic inflammation is known to be A risk factor for cancer. Chronic inflammation. Intermittent hypoxia. Carcinogens. What's intermittent hypoxia. That kind of thing. Oh, yeah. that intermittent hypoxia on cells would damage the efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation, leading to a compensatory fermentation. So you have to compensate. Because let me tell you, if you don't compensate, you're dead. The cell the I mean the cell dies. When we look at the populations around the world that have the most prevalence of cancer It doesn't appear to be Some of the Countries like Niger, Gambia, Nepal. Consistently rank at the very bottom for cancer cancer incidents. Conversely, high income countries like Australia, New Zealand and the United States have the highest rates of cancer. Why is that? It's because of our um technology. Uh we are still paleolithic men. And uh And Biology. has allowed us to store energy Efficiently. Uh Because of times of famine, we are now in a new environment. Where we have massive amounts of highly processed carbohydrates, inactivity, emotional stress, We have poor sleep habits. You you pile all those together. With availabil uh the exposure to carcinogens and whatever, and you chronically damage this organelle. And Uh uh in some organs uh you can get breast cancer if it's a lung, if it's a whatever it is. that organelle becomes chronically damaged in some populations of cells in a particular uh in a particular organ. And and you can elicit dysregulated cell growth. As the result of that. Is in and that In the paper that we have with the chart. Uh if you Can keep your mitochondria healthy. Don't forget, Paleolithic man, our ancestors from 500,000 years ago. Uh or modern men Like you said, in these countries. Living according to traditional ways. With minimal inf interference from modern diet and lifestyle issues have lower amount of cancer in general. And this is what Albert Schweitzer found. The f the famous humanitarian physician. He was specifically looking for cancer in African tribes. And he said, remarkably, it's extremely low. Wha what are these guys doing? Where Western society has a has a lot of cancer and these Africans have living living according to the traditional ways. So they have a lot of exercise. They're eating all organic foods. Uh they're not under the same kind of stress or exposure to chemicals that uh modern societies have, and you find out you have very low cancer. Like for example, uh dogs are all evolved from the wolf. Uh Wolves in the Wild. rarely have cancer. The domestic dog. Cancer is the number one killer of the domestic dog. What is the dog doing that the wolf? The wolf is out running around eating natural foods. The dog the dog is in an apartment somewhere, gets a dog walker once a day, right? And the next thing the dog is obese and full of cancer. So uh it all it all comes down to what What you do to maintain the health and vitality of the mitochondria that reduce the risk And that's what this chart I'll show you has. W reduce the risk. Of damaging this chronically. Okay. So that can explain in large part why modern societies Are struggling with Chronic diseases. Not only cancer, we have diet type two diabetes, we have obesity, we have high blood pressure, we we have a whole uh even neuropsychiatric problems. If you can protect and keep this organelle healthy, you reduce risk. Now people say, Well cancer has to be genetic. Because we have inherited genes. that put us at higher risk, like the Bracca one for breast cancer and the Lifraum any for a variety of other cancers. Our paper in this pile done by Bob Kaplan. Uh he went through And looked at all the genetic risk factors. Which paper is it? Um it's one of the ones published in Oncology. But none of these mutations are a hundred percent penetrant, meaning that they're secondary risk factors. A primary risk factor would be every time that mutation is there, 100 percent of the people because I work in Taysax disease, I work in in worn eras of metabolism, those mutations are 100 percent responsible for that condition. There's no gene mutation that's 100 percent pen. You have that gene, you're gonna 100 percent get cancer. Most of them are are are um are what they call incompletely penetrant. So what does that tell us about the nature of then we went back what Bob did. If he went back And he looked at what every one of those gene mutations in some way disturbs the efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation in that organelle. In the mitochondria. In the mitochondria. We we look that we have all the evidence, all the risk factor, all the genetic. I was gonna show you the hard data, but you got so anyway. Th all of them damage this the efficiency of energy through through through this organelle. So that's like carcinogens. That's like um viral infections. The viruses that like hepatoma and papilloma They they their their products will go in here and damage it. Or they will replicate inside this organelle, screwing up the efficiency, causing A compensatory fermentation causing the dysregulated cell growth through abnormal calcium signaling, causing cells to no longer be responsive to their neighbors. If I can make you understand this, we can make everybody understand this. Yeah. So the the the reason I uh spend a lot of time asking why in asking for clarification is because When I do the show, I then go out into the real world and I meet the people that listen. Yeah and one of the groups of people that listens are young offenders. And when I went and visited them, I pointed at the episodes that I thought would help them. Yeah. And a young one of the young offenders said to me, I can't listen to that episode because you the words you used were too big. And I remember thinking to myself Okay, uh that that I get that all the time, but guess what? Now we have AI. And you can take And put it into AI. Right on the and it it'll it'll st it it'll dumb it down for you. So so that's a tool. that we previously did not have. So so I use that all the time. I said when you hear me speak like this, don't think I'm errand, don't think I'm just I I I these are the terms that we use when you're part of the academy. Yeah. But we can take those terms now and AI can do a wonderful job. In in in synthesizing. Oh yeah, I know what he's talking about now. But without that tool Then it becomes like you said, well, I can't understand anything. I've got sixty seconds and I'm gonna show you how much I can get done because of our sponsor called Whisperflow. And for those of you that don't know what it is, it's a business I invested in that turns your speech into text in any app or device. I'm gonna post into our Slack channel, which rewards whichever team member conducted the most experiments this week. Hi, everyone. Here is this week's experimenter of the week. Congratulations to the Directo trailer team, which is Ant, Live, Dom, and Cam. You guys have one. Okay, now I'm gonna open Gmail. So here is one of our founders on an email chain that I wanna connect my team with. All I have to say is Add my team's emails and Whisper will do exactly that. Now a quick message to Juan, who does my schedule every single week. Hey Juan, can I record on Wednesday at two P actually no, do you know what let's record at three PM on Wednesday. Whisperflow is four times faster than typing and it is incredibly easy to use. So if you want to give it a go, All you have to do is head to whisperflow.ai slash Steven to download it today. If you know me and if you've listened to this podcast before, you'll know how obsessed I am with sleep. I've been on a bit of a journey with sleep. I see it as the single most important thing that I'm have the privilege of having control over. And that's exactly what our sponsor Eight Sleep are. It's a very, very intelligent piece of material to sleep on. Here's what the A Sleep Pod does. It monitors your body. while you're sleeping. And with their AI, it adjusts the temperature for you using billions and billions and billions of hours of sleep data. And members have reported up to a thirty four percent Deeper sleep and falling asleep up to forty-four percent faster. Me and my fiance, Melanie, sleep on different parts of the bed and it adjusts my part of the bed to my body and her part of the bed to her body. So if you want to learn more about this pod, go to eight sleep.com slash Steven. Big opportunity. I'm not kidding. Give it a try. I really want to just make sure I take off the box of um Cause factors. So you mentioned stress. You mentioned sleep. Mm-hmm. I currently don't have cancer, as far as I'm aware, God forbid. Um, but I but I want to do everything I can to prevent the probability. Yeah. And I and from what I've understood, that means protecting my mitochondrial function. Yes. By living a lifestyle where I'm not creating this sort of like crazy oxidative stress on the mitochondria. Right. So Give me a prescription of how I should live my life to keep my mitochondria healthy. Well that's why we developed the glucose ket ketone index calculator, the first biomarker tool. That can allow people to know. the level of health in their mitochondria. Um When you shift from carbohydrate fuel To lip lipid fuel. What's lipid fuel? Fat. Cirquitos. Ketones are a water soluble breakdown product of Fatty acids. Mm-hmm. Okay. So we store a adipose tissue. We store fat. Which is the belly fat. All over we have fat on our on the outside. Yeah. So on the outside. That was there because As a species We had to survive in the most harsh environments. And we were o um food was not always there. So we had to survive. All kinds of Our bodies are so the our It's a machine that was home over millions of years to be super efficient. So Glucose is gold. Sugar. Okay. You either burn it. Or you can store it as fat. Okay, that's that's the key. When you have you're not bringing in sugar, that stored fat now moves into the bloodstream. goes to the liver. It's like taking a branch. And putting in a chopper. And you outcome these little soluble ketone bodies. They're w breakdown products of long chain fatty acids. They can replace sugar. For the brain, for the muscles, for most other cells in the body. Except erythracytes. They can replace it. They can replace the energy of glucose. Okay. So Uh and that's how we evolved. But we're now in an environment. Where we have massive amounts of highly processed carbohydrates. And we i uh we don't want to pee them out unless you have diabetes or something. So we store them as fat. So we have an obesity epidemic. As the result of our evolutionary ability to store energy, which kept us alive as a species. Because if we were unable to store the fat in five hundred thousand, we would have all been extinct. You and I this conversation would never exist. We would never have existed as a species, except for our ability to store energy. And we burn energy efficiently in these organelles. So this is all a very highly efficient machine. So when we lose that ability. Uh when we have so much energy in the environment, stress No exercise, all this, we store more and more fat. We produce an i uh uh an environment that's very damaging to this organelle. So that again, so how does stress impact that? Stress elevates uh corticosteroids. When you're under stress, you get into a fight, you get into an argument. Or you're stressed out by business deal going bad, whatever. Elevate elevate blood sugar. contributing to Uh systemic inflammation. It's okay. for a short period of time to be pissed off at something. But it's the chronic stress. The chronic like looking at the cell phone, doom scrolling, all this kind of crazy stuff. While eating the big Twinkie, Doom Scrolling eating Twinkies not moving. All of this creates uh Stress. Um It makes it work harder. It's damaging because you produce reactive species that damage the efficiency of this organelle to produce energy effectively. And that Either will kill the cell. gradually if it can't comp uh use compensatory fermentation or pre dispose you to cancer. So either way it's unhealthy. So we have chronic disease. Cancer is the number one big dog in the chronic disease world. I mean it's the one that people fear the most. Um type two diabetes. Cardiovascular disease. Yeah, dementia. Uh all of these are part of damage to this organelle in one way or another. In like I say said, for Parkinson's disease, when that organelle gets damaged, the cells of the substantia nigra die. They are incapable of compensating with fermentation, so they up and die. Cancer is very rare in neurons of the brain. Neurons, the glial cells of the brain form these brain tumors mostly. But neurons can't compensate with fermentation, so they die. So you you either get Compens compensatory ancient fermentation leading to disregulated cell growth, which we call cancer. Or we get cell death leading to chronic diseases. What about sleep then? What's going on with sleep that's causing. Sleep is a way we can restore the energy efficiency of the mitochondria. Trevor Burrus If we're well slept. If we have good sleep. Yeah. You know, everybody feels good when you have a good night's sleep. Your body feels rejuvenated because you're not you're not tr stressing out you're reducing the ability of this organelle to manage the the the the metabolic uh environment. Uh if you're up all night and you're and you're like stressed out and you're never given this uh uh organelle in a particular cell, in a particular part of the organ of of the body. You know, you g you get neuropsychiatric problems, you can get digestive problems, you can get cancer, you can get type two diabetes. You have a whole and we put it in the paper, there are all the different stress all the different things that can chronically uh or acutely damage oxidative phosphorylation. So sleep basically gives the mitochondria a little bit of a break. Yes. It's a it's it gives your whole body a break, let's be honest. So, I'm not going to be able to Pile those things on together. Lack of exercise. I mean you're you're exhausted after doing something. As a matter of fact, you chase these animals. Uh you separate and this is another thing was really interesting, came out of Israel uh I think it was last year. They look at the cavemen what they were eating. They were eating the the strongest members of the herd. Uh leading to the indirect extinction of these animals. They found out that if you Can eat. The strongest member of the herd was You'll get the vitality of that. uh of that or or buffalo or elephant or whatever the hell they were eating. Because they knew the marrow and the st uh and the the the physiology of that of that organism at that point in its life could provide you Now, when you eat the strongest members of the herd because you want to be tough. You're putting the old and the young at vulnerable to predators. Leading to the extinction. And this is what a big paper came out of out of uh Israel. They looked at these cavemen what they were eating like five hundred thousand years ago or whatever they were doing. So humans indirectly caused extinction of other species. In part in not always in part because they were eating the toughest guys on the herd. So because they felt that if th if I eat those guys, I'm gonna be strong too. And in a way they're right. But All of it has to do with the energy efficiency of your muscles, your brain, your ability to be r resilient, uh endurance. I'm telling you, these guys were chiseled. They they weren't dying from type two diabetes, cancer. Right? Dementia. They were dying from infections and injuries. A and child mortality. Uh we're mostly killing our paleolithic ancestors. But when you bring your body back into a low glucose ketone, you're actually going back like you were. This is why we developed the glucose ketone index. What is in that envelope in front of you? Well this is um it's a paper that's under embargo because they They think it's gonna be the world thinks it's gonna be very important. And um and it is. So And what it is this is A Um A way to keep that organelle healthy. So this is a way Um Energy efficiency in the body. And this hasn't been released yet. It hasn't been released. Okay, it's coming out. It's a it's gonna be a lead article in the Frontiers and Science. And not only that, we the paper The paper was written. Uh For the scientists? And then the journal decided to make a second copy for y they call Young Minds. So letting kids that are like eight to twelve or fourteen years old Synthesize it down. And and and one of my colleagues said that's probably what most people will be reading because they don't want to know about the bioenergetics that actually goes on inside this organelle to explain why this chart means something. And you've been working on this for some time? Well I I I built the GKI so let me tell you the story. There was a woman, uh an American woman, a lawyer, Trudy DuPont. who uh developed um Uh a kind of a brainstem tumor. And after I wrote my book that book there. That's my only book. Anyway, Trudy Trudy wanted to use this metabolic therapy. She stayed alive much longer over ten years with this We kept the she eventually passed away, unfortunately. But So I was measuring'cause we knew That The tumor cells needed sugar to grow. Otto Warburg show that and many other people show that. And they can't burn ketones because Because The Fairy You need A very efficient mitochondria. To burn. Keetones for energy. Our normal cells can burn ketones for energy, and that gives us tremendous Uh uh we can actually breathe m lower oxygen, more energy if you have efficient if you can burn ketones efficiently in this organelle. But if the organelle is damaged, they can't use the ketones. They can't burn fatty acids or ketones, which stores lipid drops. It's one of these big papers here. These Stephen, you can't believe how people misinterpret information. They see droplets of fatty acids in the cytoplant and say, you see, the cancer cell needs all that fatty acid. No, they can't. It's there to protect them. If they try to burn it, they blow this up and die. So there is a storage of fat. They can't burn fatty acids or ketone bodies. So I knew cancer needed glucose, and I knew cancer couldn't burn fatty acids or ketone bodies. So I'm measuring glucose and ketones. independently intrudy. She's Do doing the finger prick thing, sending me the information back And saying Oh here's my glucose, here's my ketones. Okay, so I have a a ketone glucose reader in front of me. Right, right. If I put my blood on this strip, it tells me my glucose levels. If I put my blood on this strip, it tells me my ketone levels. Right, right. But if you if you look at them independently. Glucose is very volatile, very variable. And this is why I developed the glucose ketone ratio. Because truly. Had a parking spot. That was for handicapped. because she had a cane, her brainstem glioma was preventing her from walking. As effectively as normal. Huh. Parking spot. She was bullshit. So she ran upstairs. And took her blood sugar. And it was a hundred and eighty six milligram per deciliter. It was very, very high. So And I know she was on a ke ketottic diet. And and she emails me and says, I'm gonna die, my cancer's gonna grow fast. What's going on? She says my blood sugar is like one eighty six and you know it's supposed to be you told me it was supposed to be sixty or f you know, fifty, sixty five and that's all. She says So I said, What's your ketone level? Oh it's still you know, like you just had point four millimolar, or I think it was point nine millimolar. I said, Well that didn't change, right? No, just the sugar changed. So I said to the students that were working with Josh Weidenbauer I said, Josh, this this trying to measure these two independently of uh is a bullshit. You can't this is hard to figure out. So what we decided to do in millimole'cause glucose comes out milligram per deciliter. Whereas ketones come out millimoles. So we had to convert glucose to millimolar and divide it by the ketone in millimolar, and then you get a number. That's not all over the world. It's very stable. So So we were able to because of Trudy, that one cancer patient We developed the ratio. Of of this. We realize that this ratio is a statement of how healthy your mitochondria actually are. So when you're when you have these low ratio, you're a paleolithic man. You're back in the zone where we didn't have chronic diseases because we didn't have damage to the organelle that would cause those diseases. So Paleolithic man, think where they get their Pastries. Where where are they getting their cakes and sweets and all this other guy? They didn't have it. They weren't there because of of choice. They were there because of circumstance. So our new uh uh and we learned paleolithic man was always in some sort of a state of some ketosis because they wouldn't have food for periods. They were very active in their exercise. They had they didn't have chronic diseases, but they had other kinds of diseases. So So then Um my my my my student um Uh Derek Lee. Myself and Christos Chernopolis. We started to make a ratio chart. Now these are the numbers that you get. When you divide your sugar by your ketones. Okay, so my sugar by my ketones. So if I did my glucose measure now on this little reading. Oh, you want me to do it? Okay. Okay. What you had a glucose you had a a ketone with zero point four millimole. Yeah. Okay, what was your sugar? So we can divide we can do the division right now and tell you what you have. You can get these little uh key turns. Oh yeah, it's a key to mojo. And you can also get'em now for for uh Wow, these guys skilled at doing this. I travel with one of these, believe it or not. Yeah. So I I have one all the time. Wow. Ninety. Ninety. Okay, so you have to you have to divide you have to divide. You're not getting the doesn't this give you the push button and give you the GKI right away?'Cause the new ones have it. So you have to divide Ninety by eighteen. And you get a number. Uh five. Five. So divide five by zero point four. Okay. So here you are. You're down here in the in the in the prevention zone. Uh no. So so You this is where Paleolithic man mostly lived. Paleolithic man lived in the yellow green zones. Because they didn't have access to all of the things that would Drive up your Blue blood sugar. And keep your ket when your blood sugar goes through the roof, your ketones are really low because insulin is now I'm driving it up. So that's good. Um twelve, huh? Mm. So I I did the I did the carnivore diet for a week. Mm-hmm. Uh eating big ribey. You like ribeye steak? Yes, of course. Ribbeye's bacon and eggs. Lam, I I so I did it for a week. And um I was able to get down to ten. Okay. And I could get lower, but I was gloving the ribeye so much I ate a little too much of it, right? You have to be have some level of discipline. So uh so so uh but people People this is what we call the zone of prevention. It's very hard to get cancer or chronic diseases. When you're in these zones because you're keeping this organelle quite healthy. When you live in these zones consistently. You you don't have to live consistently because humans we we evolved as a scavenger species. Yeah. We would engorge ourselves because we knew it wasn't happening every day. Yeah. Modern man. Is live is living in the feast every single day. And that's why we're are we have uh now uh all the chronic diseases. This is The red zone. is the zone of risk for chronic diseases and cancer. And when you look at the obesity epidemic, you look at all these things, these guys are Or w and it's it's like we can visit the red zone. We don't want to live in the red zone. So if I was to visit the red zone, it would look like meeting High carbohydrate diets, lots of sugar. Yeah. No exercise. Yeah. And basically modern man. And also eating Five meals a day, like snacking all the time. Oh, then you'd be b no, we have uh there's document cases, we have'em up to five hundred. Oh, yeah. GKIs are five hundred. You have people with, you know, blood sugar is about four or five hundred milligram per deciliter. I mean, you could do the and zero ketones. I mean you you do the you do the math. It's unbelievable. You're basically saying I want to keep my g my blood glucose levels. And you wanna you want to have some level of ketones. And high and my ketone levels somewhat as high as I can. Well, it's you don't want to go because people then hear the physicians listen to them go, Oh, he's gonna go with the keto acidosis. Give me a break. Ketoacidosis is like when you have ketone levels a fifteen to twenty millimole. Are you kidding me? What is yours? Zero point four? That's called nutritional ketosis. That's how we evolved. When you have type one diabetes Well, you can't control sugar or or f or uh insulin. You have no insulin in responsive. You're gonna get high levels of sugar and ketones. This is this is a pathological condition. Most of uh type two diabetes, these are all pathologies based on damaging oxidative phosphorylation. So What this Chart does. is for the first time and we put it together because we did all the but in the paper discusses the bioenergetics. What we're finding in cancer Is that if you can get into the green zones where your blood sugar is low and your ketones are elevated, you hammer the hell. Because they they they they're you're taking away One of their two primary fuels driving dysregulated cell growth. Okay. And it's the and it's the And as the ketones go up. The rest of your cells in the body are getting super healthy. The tumor cells can't tap into the value of a ketone because the organelle needed in the tumor cell to do that is corrupted. Structurally. And functionally. Is am I clear about that? Yes. Okay. So ketones will make You healthy. the normal cells of your body, but cannot be used to help the cancer cell because you need a good structural functional organelle to burn them. So they become marginalized. And if the ketones go up, they're actually toxic to that to that cell. To some extent. So but they're still alive. Uh the cancer cells are now Incapacitated There uh we we showed you get rid of the abnormal inflammation, you get rid of the angiogenic, the abnormal blood vessels. You're taking an angry tumor and making it much less Angry, much less inflamed, but uh uh more indolent uh kind of a tour, but it's still there. It's not because the other fuel that's keeping this cancer cell going is the glutamine. Okay. Now when you have The patient in this green zone. This is for management now. Stephen. This is prevention is is never having to deal with what I'm talking about. If you're living in the yellow zone The probability of getting cancer or chronic diseases. is already reduced. Okay. But now you have some poor guy out there, he's living in the red zone his whole life. He wants to manage the cancer that he has. He he has to get down in the green zone and try to stay there as long as he can. But the cancer will still grow because it has access to glutamine. Okay, and glutamine is always here's the bloodstream. Okay. You have this much blood. Cancer needs that so you always have a surfit of Glutamine. So you have to come in now with drugs. And the drugs. Like repurposed drugs. The glutaminolysis. Well this one here, this BMC big paper here. Mm-hmm. Okay. This paper and the new one we have with the ketogenic for the uh childhood um high grade glioma for kids. So Once once you get down here. You come in With drugs that target glutamine. I've looked at one and that's M Benzole. Okay. How did I come to that realization? People knew that embedazole had some therapeutic benefit about cancer, but they don't believe until you show the mechanism. That paper shows the mechanism. It targets glucose and glutamine. Targets glucose and glutamine. The two fuels driving the disregulated growth of the tumor. Okay. So Here's the here's the mitochondria. So It's getting the glucose and the cytoplasm from the sugar. Uh and making uh and and fermenting that And then also the the amino acid glutamine comes in. You have to block the glycolysis and the glucose these two pathways, you have to restrict availability of glucose and glutamine Together at the same time. I speak only about things that I have tested in my lab and publish papers on like this. So You have to real the the cancer field doesn't understand That the cancer can't grow without glucose and glutamine. And can't switch to fatty acids or ketone bodies. That's still not gonna kill the cancer though, is it? It's just gonna Yeah, we don't ever use the term cure because some of these tumors now let me tell we have a People like C Pablo Kelly from Devon England. He had the glioblastoma. Uh he didn't take any radiation or chemo. He just did metabolic therapy. He lived for ten years. He was diagnosed with an inoperable glioblastoma. They wanted to irradi and poison him with the drugs. He said no, he was one of these naturalistic kind of guys. And um He he lived for ten years. And the tumor became operable. He had four debulking surgeries on a an originally dis described inoperable cancer. cut out four times because once we put the metabolic therapy, the circle, the demarcation of the tumor, Whoa there are there are certain that says I think I can get this out. But he never Never got rid he lived with it for ten years, had a couple of kids. He died from a cerebral hemorrhage on the last debulking surgery. He never died from the tumor. But you're saying uh you're saying that the two work together in in tandem. So what we do Uh this is very interesting. So what if you put the patient in nutritional ketosis. state of nutritional ketosis facilitates the delivery of drugs To the tumor cell. It actually makes You can use lower doses of drugs. And you and and you and and you get bigger effect. The therapeutic benefit increases with lower dosing. So you want to be in ketosis when you do these chemotherapy, radiation therapy. Yeah, and then you use much lower doses. This is what we're doing in the Stinbol clinic. We're taking pancreatic cancers. These guys live in four and five years. What are we doing? And advanced breast cancer and all these terminal cancers. We put them into some level of ketosis, and then you come in with the standard drugs cisplantin, carboplantin, whatever you want to do, but you cut the dosages down Big time. And then they have tremendous and you put it the key the f the uh this is what the title of the paper is. Ketogenic diet. Uh as a Metabolic vehicle. Uh for enhancing therapeutic efficacy. The current body of research suggests that being in a state of ketosis can act as a helper therapy, enhancing the cancer killing effects of chemotherapy while simultaneously protecting healthy cells. Yep. Yeah, right. Right. Progressive oncologists are currently using ketogenic diets alongside standard chemo to maximise its efficacy. That's right. That's what we're doing in Istanbul. And and and also in in uh in in Greece we're doing we're doing those same things. So you you can use this. When you enter a fast or ketogenic state, your healthy cells essentially go into bunker mode. They slow their division, conserve energy, and build up their defenses. Cancer cells, however, do not have this evolutionary off switch. They continue trying to rapidly divide. When the toxic chemotherapy hits, your shielded healthy cells survive it. Yeah, much better. While the exposed rapidly dividing cancer cells take the full hit. Yeah. Oh okay. Interesting. Yeah. In other words, you make with the tools you have work better. The problem in the field of cancer today Is they're not using the tools in the correct way. Now let me give you another example. If you take immunotherapies, you hear about these things. Chimaric ancygen T receptor PDL P D one, P D L one inhibitors. They're called precision. Medicines, right? So look at the same thing. They're designed To attack A a a molecule on the surface or stop that cell from Uh Being resistant. Mm-hmm. If you were trying to attack And what they do oftentimes they come out after you've failed chemo and radiation. They then come at you with an immunotherapy. The metabolic pressure shrinks down your tumor, makes it very indolent. Non aggressive and the rest of your body is healthy, you're not going bald, you're not bleeding gums, your microbiome isn't blown to hell. So and then you can come in with low dose chemo. Immunotherapy because what's ever left in that remaining residual mass. They may all have something in common for having survived all this. Right? So now you can come in with a precision medicine and possibly Resolution. I thought this was fascinating. It says chemotherapy creates massive oxidative stress, i.e., damage inside the tumor. To repair the damage and survive, the cancer cell requires massive amounts of glucose. So if the patient is in ketosis, the tumor's glucose supply is essentially cut off. It can't the cancer cell can't repair the DNA damage caused by your chemo. leading to fast achievement. Um Yeah, interesting. Well don't forget, also, listen to this. And as another thing. People go in. What protects the tumor cell from chemo and radiation? is the waste products of fermentation. The lactic acid and the succinic acid that are dumped Beast. Prevent these other therapies from working. So if you want your therapy to work, you gotta target those two fuels together at the same time. And when you do that now this cell The shield is off. These things are super vulnerable to even low doses of chemo and radiation. Yeah. And the immunotherapies Look at if you have an immunotherapy You try to attack the beast when it's at its strongest, uh, you're not gonna win. And this is what happens, you get only partial response. They in the field of cancer today, they think living an extra six months is a major breakthrough. We're talking about living an extra five and six years. This is what's really important. I just um I I was re doing some research to figure out if Oncologists. So cancer doctors are currently recommending the ketogenic diet. And it says the vast majority of mainstream oncologists do not recommend the ketogenic diet to the to their newly diagnosed patients. Um in fact if a patient brings it up, many doctors will actively advise against it. And the reasons for that Number one is the fear of Kaketsia? Caquexia. Cancer coquexia is a severe wasting syndrome where patients rapidly lose muscle and fat. It is a massive problem and a leading cause of mortality in cancer patients because the ketogenic diet suppresses appetite and often leads to weight loss. Oncologists are terrified that a strict keto diet will accelerate taquexia and weaken the patient. Well that's because they They have not heard what I just said with respect to the biology and biochemistry. Okay. There's two ways you can lose in cancer patients. Caquexia is the ability of the tumor cell To mobilize energy out of the muscles. It's taking the glutamine out of your muscles. And feeding. This is one of the two fuels. That's driving the beast. It's glutamine. Where are they getting the glutamine from? They're getting the glutamine not only from the bloodstream, but they dissolve your muscles as a a uh as part of that. Part of that process. When you Put a patient in nutritional ketosis. The weight loss is therapeutic weight loss. Caquexia is pathological weight loss. Now the other way you can lose weight If you take a high dose of chemotherapy. I travel all the time. I made a rule in my life that I'll only travel with a cabin bag. The problem with it is not much space, and here's the solution. It is called An extra 1% travel pack. And I teamed up with Extra to make this. Typically I can only bring some of my black shirts, and it's a trade-off of which black shirt shall I bring? How many of these do you think I can get in here? So let's try One, two, three. Yeah. Five, six, seven. Eight Nine. Ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen. Let's try fifteen. Sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty, twenty one, twenty two, twenty three, twenty four For Okay, so that's twenty-four black t shirts. Here's where the magic comes in. Zip it up, make sure it's nice and sealed, and then use this little contraption. Stick on there. I can now take more than twenty black shirts with me, which will last me three days. Weeks. So if you travel frequently and you want to get one of these so you can save more space and be away for longer, go to extra.com and use code DOAC for ten percent off our collection. And I think some of the background context here is that mainstream oncology operates on the um the sort of somatic mutation therapy, which is the belief that cancer is fundamentally a genetic disease driven by DNA mutations. And because their training focuses on genetics, their treatments are designed to target DNA and cell division, like humor radiation targeted genetic therapies. Rather than manipulating cell um cellular metabolism. And lastly, as mentioned, I think we talked about this earlier, mainstream medicine requires massive multi-center double blind phase three clinical trials before a protocol becomes the standard of care. So dietary interventions rarely get the level of funding. So oncologists lack the institutional green light. And they tend to say to them. Eat what you can. I I don't blame them. They're good many of them are good people. The problem is the system doesn't train them to understand the biology and biochemistry of the disease they're treating. Uh some of them become very resistant as they say get angry because if I uh why didn't I why wasn't I told this? Well, first of all, they're not reading these papers. Uh you asked them about it. They I had never read it. Well how are you gonna know anything if you don't read the literature? Um listen to this. The National Cancer Institute, the N CI. On their website. On their website says cancer is a genetic disease caused by what you just said. Okay. They w I well I said, why don't they put the articles in there showing all the tumors They can't find any mutations. The somatic mutation theory says that cancer is caused by By random genetic mutations. So now No. Sequencing. Of normal people like You and me. are finding mutations in all these driver genes and cells in our body that aren't in dysregulated cell growth. So we're calling them wild type cancers. What do you mean a wild type cancer? You lost me. Okay, the nucleus of a tumor cell. A raging tumor cell. What's causing him that cell to grow. Is it the mitochondria in the cytoplasm or is it the mutations in the nucleus? Okay. So according to the somatic mutation theory, it's the mutations in the nucleus. That are causing the disregulated cell growth. You take that nucleus. And put it into e into a e nucleated normal cell. Yeah, and there's no cancer. No can't there's no disregulation. It must be something else. Then you take The nucleus of the normal cell. And put it into the cytoplasm. Of a tumor cell. You get disregulated cell growth. So it must be something other than the nucleus. Yes, the mitochondria. Interesting, it says So mitochondria controlling our destiny. And and and the fe the field of cancer has yet to understand it. Accept it? And then say, Well, we can't do any of this until we double line crossover. That's just what do you mean? The science is telling us this. That's your way of protecting. A broken system. Are you pissed off about this? Because you do seem pissed off about this. Well, who wouldn't be? Yeah. Stephen. There's one thousand seven hundred. Hundred people a day. in this country dying from cancer. I don't know the English. That that comes out to 70 an hour. And it gets worse every single year. And the last time I was on the show, you guys used some old data. Look it up today. It's twenty twenty six. American Cancer Society says this year in twenty twenty six we will have Six hundred and twenty six thousand souls leave the planet. From cancer. Okay. This twenty twenty six. And every year it gets worse. So when you hear all the breakthroughs. We have we have television ads in Boston. For the cancer session. Break through after breakthrough after breakthrough. All these different they come on. And and and and all we do is get more dead cancer patients. Raise money for cancer. Where's the where's the accountability for all the money you're raising? When are the wor when is the people gonna wake up? You don't make someone healthy by irradiating and poisoning them. You've got to understand the biology and the biochemistry of the disease. I have the concepts and the the proofs. But the physician who works with the patient on a clinic basis, they're the ones that must apply this to the clinic. So there's two different things here. There's the hard science that's That's the bedrock for this. And then there's the clinical person who has the practice so that practice does that. Together, you get great success. Or better I say say success better than anything that's out there today. Trevor Burrus The American Cancer Society recently released its latest projections for twenty five and twenty six, and the data paints a fascinating dual-sided picture. More people are getting diagnosed with cancer. Um new cases. The A C S projects over 2.11 million new cancer diagnoses in 2026. This translates roughly to 5,800 new cases every single day. Approximately six hundred and twenty six thousand Americans are expected to die from cancer in twenty twenty six. Right. About one thousand seven hundred deaths per day. Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer death, projected to cause more Fatalities then. Colorectal. Colorectal and pan pancreatic cancers combined. I also just wanted to pick up on a point we were talking about earlier, which is about the metabolic approach to cancers. It says here, and this is going to the point about, you know, people telling you to just eat whatever you want while you're s you know, managing cancer. Um, because the primary goal of the hospital dietitian is to prevent weight loss during brutal chemotherapy regimes, patients are frequently told to eat whatever they can and eat whatever they can keep down. It is incredibly common for cancer patients to be handed meal replacement shakes, which are often packed with corn syrups and refined sugars. Ice cream and high carbohydrate comfort foods just to keep their calorific intake up. From a metabolic perspective. This is a tragedy. While it keeps weight on the patient, it simultaneously floods the bloodstream with glucose and insulin, directly feeding the tumor. Um and while keto is not the standard of care, the landscape is beginning to slowly shift. There is a growing minority of integrative Oncologists and specialized metabolic clinicians worldwide that actively prescribe therapeutic ke ketosis alongside conventional treatments. Those doctors use the keto diet and fasting protocols to protect healthy cells. And s um and sanitize tumours before administering lower, more targeted doses of chemo. That's what we developed. That's our that's our plan. That's that's what we're doing. Okay. We we we do that because we understand the biology and biochemistry. And that's why we developed we're developing the new society called More, the More Alliance. Metabolic oncology. Research and education. This is bringing uh together what you just mentioned there. and a logical approach to manage cancer. This is a logical approach based on the hard science of decades of research, initiated originally by Otto Werberg and then continued by our group at Boston College. The American Cancer Society says that breast cancer is increasing, prostate cancer is increasing, pancreatic cancer, melanoma, HPV associated oral cancers are Steadily increasing in the incidence of severe Um Can't There has been no Major advance. in managing glioblastoma in one hundred years. What's glioblastoma? That's the the the br deadly brain cancer. Okay. That killed Uh Teddy Kennedy from Massachusetts, Senator Kennedy, John McCain. President Biden's son, Po Biden. It's killed a lot of various people. And it's considered a death sentence. No. We we're we're keeping these guys alive. Okay. We're not saying we cure the cancer, but we can certainly keep them alive a lot longer. Pancreatic cancer, always considered so bad. We're getting very excellent results in managing pancreatic cancer using metabolic therapies. We know what to do and we know how to do it. I have clinicians that work with me. Dieticians that know how to manage cancer effectively. We can do it. Right now, today. If someone were to say, Sieffried, get your get your group together, let me see what you can do. I will put up our metabolic therapy against any trial from any of these pharmaceutical companies. We can keep these people alive a hell of a lot longer to participate in our society. We're not doing that. If you were made president today. Of the United States. Don't go there. I'm gonna go there. Uh uh. Those guys are Uh not that let's put it this way, they're not scientifically literate. Yeah, right. You're Professor Thomas Every, you're now President of the United States and your primary objective. is to Bring down this one thousand seven hundred Americans that are gonna get cancer a day. Um Is it is it get cancer or die from cancer? No, they die from cancer. Okay. Seventeen hundred a day dying from cancer in the United seventy an hour. Think about it. You you can put in place policies to stop this happening and to also help people manage it. But what is it you do? First of all, we wouldn't throw out everything. Just like I said, we have a strategy now to manage cancer effectively. Okay, so pr use it. We're not going to get rid of the drugs that are making billions and billions of dollars. We're just going to use them at lower doses in a different different thing. But you also want to prevent it in the first place. Well preventing it. I'm gonna write down the manifesto. So what is what do we do to prevent these seventy one people an hour dying of cancer? Well that has to come from government policies. Okay, you just got promotion. You're now the king of the United States, so you don't even need to ask anybody. What do you do to prevent the seventy one people a day dying of cancer? It's going to be education. Education number one. Education number one. Okay. You have to let people know That those and now let me tell you another thing that's really important. It should not be any government Or government official. Telling anyone. What they should or should not eat. Okay. The the power of this chart. Is Um personal You're embolding the patient. They have to know. We're not gonna tell somebody Oh, if you continue e to eat bad food, you're gonna have you're at high risk. And that person I don't care. I'll smoke cigarettes and I'm gonna well the government's not gonna come into this guy's house and take away the bad food. No, no, no, no. That should never happen. Those foods are there because they give us pleasure. But they should be a little bit more than a little bit. The knowledgeable person. would be s to say. I like to have it e every now and then, but I can't live in that environment. And the other thing we do terribly in this country. The poor people. And these Food deserts. Where you only get crap food. And and as a tragedy in itself. There they they to go to whole uh whole foods where they have the expensive ribeyes and all this stuff, i i that's much more expensive. A lot of people can't afford the kinds of foods That will put them in these better healthy zones. So we're gonna make food Healthy food more cost. Uh cost effective. Well cheaper. Those are easy words to say, but in practicality it's not. And what kinds of food should people be eating? Well I I think they should just try to avoid the highly processed carbs. Okay, you don't listen to this. Yeah. An and exercise. There's a lot of things we can do. That would mitigate the the inflammatory conditions put on this chart. The goal here is We know what keeps us healthy. It's the efficiency of that organelle. We want to do everything possible to keep that organelle healthy. We will Reduced dementia. We will reduce diabetes. We will reduce obesity. And they say, Well GLP, why don't why don't wanna do and and human beings are are the kind that I want a quick fix for everything. Right. Azempek, how about some Azempek? Is this what is this? Uh GLP? Okay. We don't you know uh first of all. We haven't done any research yet to know. Where a GLP would put you on the chart. We do know one thing it lowers blood sugar. How level how high of a level would it bring to ketone?'Cause it's the ketones that keep the organelle healthy. So I'm lowering blood sugar. But am I raising the ketones that enhance the bioenergetic efficiency of the organelle? I don't know what number And hasn't been done yet. I don't I haven't seen any papers coming out. Okay, so we'll keep the uh Zen pack off the table, but you're saying exercise number three. So I've got I've got education, ha kill the food desert so people can get healthy food. Yeah. Um stay away from the ultra-process stuff. Number three, exercise. We're gonna give everybody free gym memberships and whatever else they need. Reduce stress, emotional stress. You gotta you gotta do that. There's a lot of ways, music therapy, there's a lot of different ways you can do it. Meditation friends. Happiness All of those reduce stress. So I had I had a guy from uh Korea. Yeah, I think it was Japan or Korea. We had a big meeting one time. And he he didn't tell me what to do. He says, Um you wanna get cancer. If your job and if your goal in life is to get cancer, you gotta eat crap food all the time. Yeah terrible sleep. Make sure you never unash the couch, sit in front of the T V all day, look at Doom Scrolling, do all that kind of stuff. Make sure you never exercise. And make sure you don't have any friends or be happy. He says You're on the fast track for the for not only cancer, but all these other chronic diseases. So so that's the th uh what I just said you need to not do that. You're doing a great job. You know that's not many people are gonna be measuring their GKI every day. There are people who love to measure that kind of stuff. Um now I I tell you another thing. So they put these things on your arm, these continuous sugar monitors. They're making continuous glucose ketone monitors. So ta apps are coming out now, believe me. There's apps I've my uh Lucas Lou and some others are making these apps in my lab. And and um You can take your cell phone And and photograph A particular food item. And and the food item, immediately put the places you're putting the food item on the chart. So you'll know eating we'll give you what zone you'll be in if you eat it. It it's really interesting. And and these things are coming. We're using AI to so but it's purely Patient empowerment. Okay. The patient themselves The person themselves Make the choices. No government. President or King or whatever you want to say. Should ever tell What And how they should eat. The patients should be familiar with this and have the knowledge to know, I'm going to test what I think. So people say To me all the time. Why he wh just tell us what you can eat. That's all they say to me. Okay, eat whatever you want. You figure out where on the chart you're gonna be. And then you'll know. So people say, Well, can't eat ketogenic diet. Well our our group in in Greece, now you tell me They got the brain cancer tremendous success in keeping brain glioblastoma guys alive. What was the diet? It was a calorie restricted Mediterranean diet. Salmon? Sardines. Olive oil. Avocado. An exercise. Is that like, oh man, that's that's the worst diet. What about the carnivore diet? What about the the ribeye? With a little sauce brands on top of it. This keeps your bl your blood sugar low and elevates your ketone. If you want to do it with plants. Uh but everything you got fish, plants, you you got the v uh v vegans and all these kind of people. This is a bioenergetic roadmap to health. Let me just give some specific South. What about high fructose corn syrups and refined crazy? Oh man, that's the worst kind of crap. You don't take that. What about industrial seed oils? Well, you know, people talk about seed oils. Canola and soy peanut butter. Yeah. Uh we have an individual metabolism. Uh age. Race, sex, all all the religion, all kinds of stuff. Determine What And how you live. And I can't be sure. Uh what you eat, what I eat, or what you exercise, where it's gonna put us on the chart. Synthetic pesticides. I was really here that it increases the chance of lymphoma by a staggering forty one percent. They all damage the oxidative phosphorylation. Putting the cell at risk for compensatory fermentation, disregulated cell growth. The problem the problem the field doesn't understand. What I'm saying with respect to the origin of cancer. how it happens mechanistically. How this organelle controls the life of the cell. Th they don't know enough about the biology and biochemistry of the mitochondria. You gotta get guys on here like Nick Lane. He from England. I mean these guys like uh Doug Wallace and some of these guys, they're mitochondrial biologists. They they they understand this kind of stuff. I want to give people actionable things that they can think about. So um that's why I was asking you this question about you becoming king. Fasting protocols. Well, intimate fast time. Did you ever try? Yeah. What do you think? You like it? It depends how long you're talking about. Okay, let's go a week. Uh I know I've not fosted for a week before. Okay. You know what is the call of the wall. This guy uh he just sent me his book, it's coming out, very nice guy, uh Viral Simek. He say people share things with me. The wall is after about three days. Of not eating, just drinking water. You hit this wall. And it's like Oh man, I'm just I can't deal with it anymore. It's just a terrible feeling in my body. I can't sleep at night. I got the jimmy legs, I got all kinds of problems. Screw it, I'm not doing this. He found out if you sip just tiny amounts of a grape juice, you can get get through the wall. What we do for the cancer patients In the way we design our clinical procedures, which my clinical friends We do a zero carb diet for about a week. uh while the body is readjusting, getting getting bringing them out of the red zone, getting into the yellow zone. You can't believe the power of glucose as an addictive drug on the brain. It's unbelievable. It's like cocaine. It it's it's and you know that when you start you start shaking and you go so But if you don't eat carbs and just eat Meat or whatever to keep you in a low GKI. Um Then when you jump off to the water only fasting, it's much less traumatic to the brain. You've gone through the wall of the gate. so to speak. So once you know how to get through the gate, you make this whole process a lot a lot easier. And that helps people enormously, especially those people that want to get rid of their chronic disease. Okay. Because uh or some you know, we have a lot of people out there that just like to do all this stuff, you know, you have these these people that go overboard on everything. But you know, right now We have uh uh an obesity chronic epidise cancer epidemic, all of these epidemics are the result of an abuse of that organelle in one way or another. And we have a pl a plan to mitigate that abuse. And at least people have an at least they're empowered to do it With the help of knowledgeable physicians. I wanna just keep on this point of actionable feedback. So um Doctor Volta Lungo's doctor his extensive research clinical trials prove that fasting mimicking diets drastically lower IGF one Which triggers cellular autophagy and actually makes standard cancer therapies up to three times more effective by removing the metabolic shield of cancer cells. Yeah, which is the gluc the the waste products of of of glucose which is the lactic acid and the succinic acid. That all goes down. Would you recommend again, if you're king, would you recommend that any recommend any I have to just give them the knowledge, then the person has to make the decision themselves. Do you think it could be beneficial? Of course. If you were king. Two. Um have everybody wear a CGM, one of those continuous glucose monitors, at least once. No. Never. No, I I think if you have cancer And you really want to stay in this green zone to know Right? Listen, I was down in in Mexico not long ago. I was talking to one of the head physicians down there. He wore one of these things, right? He said, Every time I wanted to go out and have a party, have a good time, this damn thing would be beeping. So what do you ripped it off and threw it in the trash? So I You don't want somebody barking in your ear. When you're having a good time. That's why what you're doing right now with this you're choosing to prick your finger. You're the one making that decision. There's not something on your arm saying, Steven, don't do that. Don't do that. But you know what? It was useful to wear it once or twice. Yeah. Because it even I could s I suddenly realize that things I put in my mouth had an impact on my blood sugar. Yeah. On my blood. Which was and also I realized that it had an impact in ten minutes. Yeah, all right. And then and then also when my blood sugar came back down and crashed, I thought I feel I can suddenly pair my behavior. To my feelings. Well that And not only that, uh Andrew Scarborough from England who who has been doing this for For either stage three. Glioma. Uh he's like fifteen years out. He's done this so many times with the finger prick and all this he knows now already when his body is in these zones from the feeling that you just described. But for the people at the beginning And who are given a terminal diagnosis. They wanna get into these green zones and they wanna use the things that are gonna keep them alive on the planet. for a longer period of time with a higher quality of life. That is important. That thing on your arm can help you stay in that zone until you have this thing managed. At which time you can choose when to do that. So there's flexibility in this whole process. It's not one like for example, we have the standard of care which is written in granite for crying out loud. They get all they they all y if you do anything different from the standard of care, you could lose your license as a physician. Metabolic therapy is is patient Driven. It's driven on the patient. What about hyperbaric oxygen? Yeah. There was a study in two thousand thirteen that demonstrated that while a ketogenic diet alone significantly slowed tumor growth in systemic metastasic cancer mouse models, combining the diet with hyperbaric oxygen therapy elicited a profound synergetic decrease in tumor growth and drastically increase survival times. So we we put my Oh listen. Hyperbaric oxygen will create oxidative stress. In cell that do not have efficient oxidative phosphorylation. Uh cancer cells. Cancer cells. So you can kill cancer cells by oxidative stress by irradiating or poisoning them. Or you can put a patient into uh uh in n uh nutritional ketosis and then put'em in hyperbaric oxygen, and the cancer cells are selectively killed. When you irradiate somebody, you're damaging the whole body with all kinds of stuff. And this is another thing, Stephen, you've got to listen to this. And you listen carefully. When you go to these Treat these standard of care? It's a standard when you use standard of care, radiation, chemo, whatever they give you. Immunotherapies or whatever. So the patient comes in and he says I've been really working hard on this. The doctor says, Oh no, that doesn't work, right? Gives you some radiation or gives you flying up into the red zone. The treatment itself. puts so much stress on the body that the body itself starts going you go into the red zone from the very treatments That you're giving to the patient. Which is making Strengthening the tumor cells. You're not against chemotherapy though, are you? No. I'm I'm I'm positive about it, but it has to be used In the right context. Yeah. It has to be used when your body is in this new state of nutrition. And you can use low doses so you don't force the tumor cell to become even more resistant to the treatment. The next thing, which is actionable, is what you talked about earlier, which is these microplastics and forever chemicals. In late twenty twenty-three, the International Agency of Research on Cancer officially upgraded these forever chemicals, which are used in non stick pans and food packaging, to a grade one carcinogen. In humans. Cancer causing in humans based on strong mechanistic evidence that it induces epigenetic Which is gene alterations and suppresses the immune system. So you'd ban the forever chemicals. Okay. Oh this is a beautiful paper. I went back and I took what all of Otto Warburg meticulously went through all of his work showed where he was absolutely correct and where he just didn't have the the new information that would make him I talked about the forever chemicals, microplastics. Guess what? They damage the organelle. They break. They cause rust and damage. Of oxidative phosphorylation. causing a compensatory increase in the utilization of glucose and glutamine. And disregulated cell growth. Everything comes back to this organelle. Cron all chronic diseases and cancer are the result. of damage to this organelle. That's why having this little thing here is so important. It's a great prop. I ought to get one for my class. You can keep it. Um The next thing is purifying the water supply. Um heavy metals are found in local water suppliers to run off um ultimately are cost synergic in some cases. The I ARC classifies Off Nick. And Cacadian. As Croupon. carcinogenics and they're frequently found in unfiltered public water infrastructure. So you'd clean up the water supply as well. Yeah. You know, all this stuff is coming into our water supplies, people flushing down all these chemicals into the into the which then leach back into the water supply. And every one of the chemicals that we have looked at that has been linked to oncology, on uh uh or uh disregulated cell growth all damage the oxidative phosphorylation chronically. So we're bringing the entire Focus back to things What can I do? Uh even if I'm exposed To these chemicals. If I can do get into these zones like you're trying to do, so even if you are exposed to these, this organelle has an incredible healing power in itself. What is the most important thing we haven't talked about that we should have talked about, Professor Thomas? Well I mean you you've covered a lot. Uh is metastasis. That's the spread of the tumor throughout the body. Okay. So if you were to have a cancer that's just localized in one spot. You know, the probability of Developing a therapy that would be Um long term is highly increased. The problem that kills people Is the spread. So if the tumor is in the breast and it spreads to the liver and the lungs and the brain, you know, you've got a problem. Lung cancer Spreads to the brain, the liver. Most of these cancers that spread to the brain or other organs. become difficult and that's why you use systemic chemotherapy. You're trying to stop What we have found Is that You have a s uh uh a stem cell. People love stem cell. If you ever hear the term stem cell tumor. Wow, stem cell tumor. Stem cell tumors cannot metastasize. How do I know? Because I had stem cell tumors diagnosed as stem cell tumors with stem cell markers. I've grown them. They grow very angry. They get a lot of blood vessels, but they can't spread. Okay, how do you get spreading tumor cells in your body? The immune system comes in Recognizes that as an unhealed wound. And then fuses with the stem cells. And then you have these hybrid cells. They are programmed. To move around your body. So they are a macrophaged tumor cell hybrid. So And they're very hard to kill. But we found they're remarkably sensitive. They're glutamine driven. So we know they're glutamine driven. And they need the glucose. And that why that's why metabolic therapy done the right way Can nail nail those metastatic cancer cells. I Purging them with a little A little bit of immunotherapy to go along with it, you might be able to To get What we call resolution. Don't forget. My colleagues and I, Dom Diagasito, Joe Maroon. We built the press pulse therapeutic strategy. I mentioned that on your previous show. That's the way. You you press down the glucose of the tumor and then you pulse to kill the glutamine which will which will target the metastatic cancer cells, enhancing the health and vitality of the organs already infiltrated by the tumor. I looked on our previous conversation. And Professor Thomas. And um It's quite heartbreaking because the comments sections are all people that are e either struggling themselves with cancer Or a loved one of theirs, their wife, their husband has just been diagnosed with cancer. Is there anything for those people that have clicked on this video?'Cause I imagine they are in the millions. Yeah. But you want them to hear. Well the thing if it is is why well This is a bigger issue. When you have the science. And you have the strategy to manage cancer effectively. With minimal toxicity, not to say we can cure, but to say we can manage it. Why is it not being done? That's the question. But to them. To them who've tuned in. So these kinds of conversations that we have are allowing the populations to realize that There is Their s loved ones. Do not N to be sacrificed. For the good of industries that are Generally considered. profitability. In other words, the profitability of the industries are based On your sickness. Yeah. And and a lot of those comments came, Oh, you ca you can't do anything. Yes, you can do something about it. When you're armed with the knowledge. And people ignore the knowledge, then there's a problem. Do people need to sort of self advocate? To some degree. I think so. With the with the Care providers. What do they think I think that's a very delicate question. Yeah. The the oncologists never heard of this stuff. They have never read these papers. They were never trained in medical school to know the biology and biochemistry of cancer. It was told to be a genetic disease. Theories are so important in science. For one thousand eight hundred years. People thought the work of Aristotle, his comments, and the mathematics of Claudius Telami. said that the earth was the center of the solar system. And all the planets Uh and sun revolved around the earth. The geocentric theory. Right? Copernicus. struggle with the Telami mathematics and realized that If he put the the sun in the center of the solar system and made Earth just another planet, a lot of the mathematics made sense. Kepler comes in and says, These aren't circles, they're ellipticals. Galileo takes the telescope, sees the moons of Jupiter, and was able to look at and quantify where where pl uh predict where planets would be at a certain period of time. Then they took poor Giodano Bruno. You know about this guy, Bruno? Stephen, you gotta know Bruno. Your job is to know about the poor Bruno, who was burnt alive by the Catholic Church for challenging the the the geocentric theory and he became a martyr of science. So when you have established power structure, whether it's A religion or whether it's an industry or whatever. Challenging that can be very Very hazardous. Has it been hazardous for you? Listen. I uh no. I mean I do what I do because I like I just collect more and more data to sport. Hazardous for me would be getting blindsided. Blindsided would be somebody coming at me with a piece of new data. That I have never considered. I don't sleep. I I think about this stuff all the time to avoid the blind side. My students are on the on the alert. for any paper that comes out that says cancer oh cancer cells can burn fatty acids and ketone bodies. Oh really? Let's go back through and dissect out their control experiments, and you find that every case there was always some glucose and glutamine in the media, making it look like the fatty acids. So that's what bothers me. What bothers me is getting hit with a piece of data That undermines what we're what we our knowledge base is. And so far we haven't had that. Okay, it's st we're standing on the shoulders of Otto Warburg, a a giant in the field of biochemistry. He was thrown under the bus when everybody thought cancer was a genetic disease. My this paper goes back and shows exactly where Warburg made his mistakes and where we have rectified some of that, bringing the whole field back on where it should be. It is a mitochondrial metabolic disorder, and we can account for all of the phenotypes and characteristics of that disease knowing that. Now with that knowledge Logical people. And people interested in helping others will at will uh take advantage of that. We're not throwing out all these toxic chemicals, we're learning how to use them in a different way. That's where the success is going to come. So let's c let's conclude with a A actionable takeaway for people who are suffering themselves with with cancers. Um or have someone in their family right now that is suffering from Cancer. What is the actionable takeaway? Well I think the actionable takeaway once this paper comes out, they can start taking action if they are motivated enough They can read about this. They can read about it and then try to like just like you're doing. No different. Get into these zones. And then work with their oncologists, knowledgeable people to to To treat them with standards of care, as long as they can remain and then we do non invasive imaging, PET scans, C MRIs. Okay, so specifically what what you're saying is this paper, I will link it below in the comment section for anyone that wants to read it. This graph will be on the screen throughout this episode anyway, so people can screenshot it if they want to have a look. And the way that they test Where what their GKI index is, is they can buy one of these Kito Mojo things, which you can get on Amazon for twenty, thirty dollars. You prick your finger. It gives you the glucose reading. Yeah. You divide it by eighteen. No, the the new machines have the button. So even the people only have to do that. Okay, fine. And yeah, as you can see on here, this is a an interesting Way to sort of Increase your your management. Improve your management of of some of these. Yeah. And then there's a challenge. To get into those zones. Um You know, I'm not saying this is easy stuff. GLP one inhibitor, man, that's a hell of a lot easier than than Than doing this. And I should probably say always consult with a medical professional. Yeah. Um I I think Uh Because you know, a lot of people They have a lot of co morbidities. They have diabetes, high blood pressure, ty hypertension, cancer. They have a it's not a perfectly healthy person with cancer. So Before you go into Challenge that you need to have What you look like. You know. That's why the people who the physicians that are working with this can do all that. I I'm I'm not in the clinical thing. And there are some people who respond poorly to the ketogenic diet as the high states of ketosis, because I've I've received DMs before from A woman who said my my husband did ketosis and he collapsed unconscious. He took him to the hospital, he had some comorbidity. Carnitines prevents fatty acids from being made into ketone bodies. So so they can be carnitine supplementation can help them. But you need a physician. To know this. We have a closing tradition with the last guest leader question for the next. And the question left for you is on the subject of energy. What in your life has brought you the most energy? And what was the biggest energy drain. you've ever experienced. Well this is bringing me the biggest energy. Well not this the whole concept. That you have found Uh Mother Nature. has allowed you to look into the depths Um Oh. Of what we consider the biology and biochemistry of how bodies work. And knowing how to take that and apply it to people that are suffering. from all these different chronic diseases and giving them The opportunity to change that. Because before that it was mysterious. Oh I'm do I'm in Keto, I d what's your GKI? I don't know. Well now you have a quantitative That gets us so We have a lot of evidence. I think people should be Feel encouraged. I think we have given hope. To the hopeless. And and I think that's empowering. And the goal here is Not to make a billion. It's just to know that you've kept all these poor souls alive longer than they were projected to be to be. And I think there's power that and that keeps us going. Because when we see more and more people coming to me, I get emails back from people three or four years ago and I say, Gee, I thought you were a gunner. And he's Oh, I'm doing really well. Just came back from a vacation with my wife. Well That's empowering. I said, Well that's good. And don't forget, Stephen, all of our Research money comes from private foundations and philanthropy. So is that a way that people can help? Yeah. And where do they go to help? So we In my papers they we have the foundations that support uh our work, private foundations. So linked to the I know uh and I when I give kits of information to people Uh I say please consider making a donation. Only if it works for you. Yeah. Don't charge them anything. Or ask them to pay something if it's not going to help them. If you were told to be dead in six months and y six years later you're alive. Maybe you throw us a few shekels into the private found into the foundations supporting our work. I'll link that foundation below in the comment section. Yeah, we have a couple on breast cancer. on on on general general uh um support on the metabolic approach that we have. So we have a lot going. We're very excited. You can see all the papers we've published. And it's not like um Uh some of these are in top journals. Some of them are new journals. But but the issue is we're We're we're we're We're publishing this. My thing is, you know, I gr great great respect for science and and doctors in the medical profession. Go go go get your information, speak to your medical provider. There's so many tools out there now. Go and check for yourself. Or misunderstanding. Let's put it that way. They don't understand these concepts. Where you know People who have done heart work and bonework and replacements, those people are at the state of the art with this kind of stuff. Well the last conversation we had it's reached about fifteen million people. So on YouTube it's got ten million views, and then across audio platforms it's got another five or so million views. Yeah. And when I went read through the comment sections, it's just it's so heartening for two reasons. One is You're giving people tools and science that they can think about and research themselves and speak to their medical practitioner about, but also It actually just creates a community of people in the comment section where, you know, this is a community of people that are searching for hope. Yeah. And as some of them read through the comment sections they actually commented saying it was so nice to to speak to other people in the comment sections about what I'm going through and how it feels from an emotional level. So this is something I actually wanted to say in this episode was if you're if you're listening to this conversation now and you've gotten to this point, Do feel free to go into the comment section and just offer some support and some love. to other people. Um Who are struggling because you know it can be a very lonely experience the minute you find out you've got a diagnosis and off you go into the internet, into podcasts, into AI to try and figure out what you can do. So yeah, do share things that have helped you, uh point at different resources that are rigorous and offer emotional support to those that are in the comment section. That would be a wonderful thing. Thomas. Thank you so much for all that you do. Um you're you're an absolute warrior for pushing science the science into the world and for fighting for these people that don't have the tools. And if you I mean, uh I don't think I've ever seen a comment section quite like it in terms of the gratitude that people have for the work that you're doing. It is remarkable work. Long may you continue to do it. Thank you very much. And you're you know, you play a very important part. on this because this information is not disseminated to the the population. And it's the population of people that will eventually make the change. So they're gonna want this, especially when we keep publishing more and more case reports And the ch the system will change. And we just have to modify what we have to make it better. And I think that's what keeps us going. So I have no plans of stopping this any time soon. My students are all excited about this. They they're learning about it at Boston College. So this is a big emphasis that we have and we continue to do it again. Scientific literacy is so important. uh for uh how you um navigate through life. And um thank you very much for your show and we'll we'll uh pushing this as as hard as we can. Thank you. Uh Oh.